Military land use in Hawai‘i has been a topic of debate, often shaped by misconceptions about its impact on the economy, environment, and local communities. While it’s important to have open discussions about land use policies, understanding the facts behind military land leases and development helps ensure that conversations remain productive and informed.
Let’s break down some common myths and clarify how military land agreements work in Hawai‘i.
Myth 1: The Military Owns a Large Portion of Hawai‘i’s Land
Reality: While the military does control some land for training, operations, and infrastructure, it does not own vast amounts of real estate compared to other landowners.
- Less than 6% of land statewide is owned or leased by the military
- Many military sites are on long-term leases from the state and are not permanent acquisitions.
- These agreements are often renegotiated to align with community needs, conservation efforts, and public use opportunities.
Myth 2: Military Land Leases Are Permanent
Reality: Military leases in Hawai‘i are subject to regular reviews, renewals, and community input.
- The State of Hawai‘i and the Department of Defense (DoD) negotiate leases to ensure they reflect current needs and priorities.
- Expired leases must go through environmental and public review processes before renewal. Some lands are returned to state control when they are no longer essential to national defense. For example, in the past military-controlled land has been returned for public use, including parks, cultural sites, and residential developments. For example, : The US Air Force returned over 363 acres of leased land on Molokai Island to the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands (DHHL), according to Air Force Times and Governor Josh Green. The lease, expiring December 31, 2022, had been used by the Air Force for radio and communications equipment installation and maintenance. The land, located in Hoʻolehua and Pālāʻau, is now expected to be used for Native Hawaiian homesteads and other purposes.
Myth 3: Military Development Is Unregulated
Reality: Military projects must comply with local, state, and federal regulations, including:
- Hawai‘i State Land Use laws
- Zoning and building codes
- Federal impact assessments (NEPA/HEPA/EIS requirements)
Before any new development, detailed impact studies and public consultations are required to ensure responsible land use.
Myth 4: The Military Does Not Contribute to Local Infrastructure or Economy
Reality: Military investments support local infrastructure, small businesses, and job creation.
- Military-funded infrastructure projects improve roads, utilities, and public services used by both military and civilian residents.
- Military contracts provide millions of dollars in revenue to local businesses, including construction firms, retail suppliers, and technology providers.
- Workforce development programs help transition military personnel into civilian jobs, supporting local industries and skilled labor growth.
Discussions about military land leases and development should be based on facts, data, and community engagement. By staying informed and participating in conversations, local communities can help shape the future of military land use in ways that benefit all stakeholders.